Archaeologica.org

Charlie has neandertal in texas at 150,000bp. What do you think digit, did they evolve in texas or africa?

I think Charlie has evidence of humans in Texas at that time. Sometimes though when we talk about the relationship between Clovis points and Solutrean points we are thinking that Solutreans may have HNS genes, but there is no proof of that yet.

Solutrean = one locale of Cro-Magnon.

Mousterian = Neandertal

Bruce wrote:min, i haven't heard of species texas homo, what known species do you think it was-north american homo sapiens?

I've never heard Charlie say they were Neanderthals.

An unidentified group of Texas Homos, perhaps...but never Neanderthals!

...Charlie found one in situ stemmed projectile point in the gravel cap underlying (older than) fine-grained sediments in which Clovis points have been found by others and dated by them at ca. 12,000 years. Said tool (archaic [not! VSMcI] 20) has remnants of a carbonate coat covering the flake scars. (flake scars = tool shaping = older than carbonate coat = older than gravel cap = older than Clovis = older than 12,000 years). Other stemmed tools from nearby float (out of context) also have remnants of carbonate coats covering flake scars, as do many other float specimens showing various flaking technologies. He finds other artifacts in the overlying fine-grained sediments, the ones that have produced Clovis points at a nearby site, but none of them have remnants of a carbonate coat. We can assume they are younger than the carbonate coat episode.

But carbonate coats don't start out as relatively thick spots on flake scars; they start out as thin films covering the whole piece and thicken slowly over time. And nature doesn't treat an artifact as an artifact; she treats it as a piece of gravel. So we can further assume that, after these pieces were made, they rested a long time in the place they were dropped, and that the climate at that time was hot and dry, with intermittent moisture (for the carbonate to be moved in solution and later deposited on the tools. Sangamon Interglacial?) Then the climate got a lot wetter (Wisconsin time?) This in order to erode the sediments containing the tools, concentrate them, and move them along in a relatively high energy environment to their current position in the gravel cap, knocking off most of their carbonate coats in the process.

So, these tools Charlie is finding will have to be older than the gravel cap out of which they are now eroding. And they can be of various ages. Two especially, if those chip marks aren't natural, have had flake scars modified by water transport, i.e. dulled edges, before the carbonate coat was added (paleo 20, photo 2010a; preclovis 2019). Others may have been recycled at a later date (preclovis 20190, preclovis 20206)...

Genesis 11
The Tower of Babel
1 Now the whole world had one language and a common speech. 2 As men moved eastward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there.

3 They said to each other, "Come, let's make bricks and bake them thoroughly." They used brick instead of stone, and tar for mortar. 4 Then they said, "Come, let us build ourselves a city, with a tower that reaches to the heavens, so that we may make a name for ourselves and not be scattered over the face of the whole earth."

5 But the LORD came down to see the city and the tower that the men were building. 6 The LORD said, "If as one people speaking the same language they have begun to do this, then nothing they plan to do will be impossible for them. 7 Come, let us go down and confuse their language so they will not understand each other."

8 So the LORD scattered them from there over all the earth, and they stopped building the city. 9 That is why it was called Babel [c] —because there the LORD confused the language of the whole world. From there the LORD scattered them over the face of the whole earth.

Natural selection only needs an isolated group and a change in conditions and its away. As the first new species from Erectus would have had to be able to breed with Erectus the two new sets of species, say in Asia and Africa, should have been able to interbreed.

Into America? Given enough time, and the land bridge, why not?

I agree with the sail bit Charlie but I refrained from suggesting it as I thought that might be too big a step for some. You see Charlie, the 'experts' again have man paddling frpm beach to beach and forever avoiding open water. Anyone who has ever hoisted a sail will tell you that it's safer to stay away from land, once into the surf and you are in trouble.

he must have been in groups dotted about all over the planet.

That is the hunter/gatherer model but why would those groups have been immune to the known effects of in-breeding within a tiny band of humans?

Today, six sons and two daughters of John Ortell and LaDonna have married at least 20 half-sisters, nieces and first cousins, giving birth to a family tree that twists and tangles, and, at times, withers with children born of genetic deficiencies.

Among the polygamous Kingstons, a number of children have been born
with birth defects, among them one born with two vaginas and two uteruses
but no vaginal or bowel opening. Outwardly, she appeared to have no sex
organs. The girl, born to John Ortell and Isabell Johnson, was not the product of an incestuous marriage. Family members attribute the defects to the advanced ages of the mother and father -- he was 64, she was 45.
"My mother should not have produced another baby," says Rugg, also
Isabell and John Ortell's daughter and the baby's full sister. "Her body tried to miscarry many, many times."

Other possible genetic traits include: microcephaly, a malformation of the
skull in which the infant has a small head (ex-members say two children with
microcephaly have died and eight others are institutionalized); blindness; spina
bifida; Down syndrome; kidney disease and abnormal leg and arm joints.
While none of these can positively be linked to incest without DNA testing,
geneticists say most of the conditions are exacerbated by incest.
Some genes linked to conditions like microcephaly and dwarfism are
"autosomal recessive," and are found among the 22-linked pairs of
chromosomes that do not include the X and Y sex chromosomes, says Lynn
Jorde of the University of Utah's Eccles Human Genetics Institute, a leading
genetics research center.
"You don't want to jump to the conclusion and say all of these are the
result of inbreeding," he says. "But just on general principles, the offspring of uncle-niece, or half-siblings have an elevated level of genetic disease. There is no doubt about that at all. So when you see all of these diseases occurring in the children, it's possible some are the result of inbreeding."

Of all the arguments against incest, says Jorde, the likelihood that genetic
abnormalities will be passed to succeeding generations is the most persuasive.

So....it would seem that prolonged (even if enforced) in-breeding would not be a good idea.