4,568 million years is the age of Sol, our solar system
UC Davis researchers have dated the earliest step in the formation of the solar system — when microscopic interstellar dust coalesced into mountain-sized chunks of rock — to 4,568 million years ago, within a range of about 2,080,000 years. In the second stage, mountain-sized masses grew quickly into about 20 Mars-sized planets and, in the third and final stage, these small planets smashed into each other in a series of giant collisions that left the planets we know today. The dates of these intermediary stages are well established. The article abstract is available from Astrophysical Journal Letters.
http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news ... so?id=8468
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/525527
4,568 million years
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Minimalist
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I can just hear Arch shrieking...."but they weren't THERE!!!!!!!"
Something is wrong here. War, disease, death, destruction, hunger, filth, poverty, torture, crime, corruption, and the Ice Capades. Something is definitely wrong. This is not good work. If this is the best God can do, I am not impressed.
-- George Carlin
-- George Carlin
Ii was just thinking the exact same thing as I read it!Minimalist wrote:I can just hear Arch shrieking...."but they weren't THERE!!!!!!!"
He's banging on at the moment about 'absence of evidence not being evidence for absence'...trying to make that a case for believing in God!
Ishtar of Ishtar's Gate and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
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Minimalist
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Ishtar wrote:Ii was just thinking the exact same thing as I read it!Minimalist wrote:I can just hear Arch shrieking...."but they weren't THERE!!!!!!!"
He's banging on at the moment about 'absence of evidence not being evidence for absence'...trying to make that a case for believing in God!
He gets that from Kenneth Kitchen and he is simply wrong about that. Absence of evidence is evidence. It may not be proof of absense but it sure as shit is evidence.
Something is wrong here. War, disease, death, destruction, hunger, filth, poverty, torture, crime, corruption, and the Ice Capades. Something is definitely wrong. This is not good work. If this is the best God can do, I am not impressed.
-- George Carlin
-- George Carlin
All -
Fast forward to the present..................
WASHINGTON — The Lakota Indians, who gave the world legendary warriors Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse, have withdrawn from treaties with the United States.
"We are no longer citizens of the United States of America and all those who live in the five-state area that encompasses our country are free to join us,'' long-time Indian rights activist Russell Means said.
A delegation of Lakota leaders has delivered a message to the State Department, and said they were unilaterally withdrawing from treaties they signed with the federal government of the U.S., some of them more than 150 years old.
The group also visited the Bolivian, Chilean, South African and Venezuelan embassies, and would continue on their diplomatic mission and take it overseas in the coming weeks and months.
Lakota country includes parts of the states of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana and Wyoming.
The new country would issue its own passports and driving licences, and living there would be tax-free - provided residents renounce their U.S. citizenship, Mr Means said.
The treaties signed with the U.S. were merely "worthless words on worthless paper," the Lakota freedom activists said.
Withdrawing from the treaties was entirely legal, Means said.
"This is according to the laws of the United States, specifically article six of the constitution,'' which states that treaties are the supreme law of the land, he said.
"It is also within the laws on treaties passed at the Vienna Convention and put into effect by the US and the rest of the international community in 1980. We are legally within our rights to be free and independent,'' said Means.
The Lakota relaunched their journey to freedom in 1974, when they drafted a declaration of continuing independence — an overt play on the title of the United States' Declaration of Independence from England.
Thirty-three years have elapsed since then because "it takes critical mass to combat colonialism and we wanted to make sure that all our ducks were in a row,'' Means said.
One duck moved into place in September, when the United Nations adopted a non-binding declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples — despite opposition from the United States, which said it clashed with its own laws.
"We have 33 treaties with the United States that they have not lived by. They continue to take our land, our water, our children,'' Phyllis Young, who helped organize the first international conference on indigenous rights in Geneva in 1977, told the news conference.
The U.S. "annexation'' of native American land has resulted in once proud tribes such as the Lakota becoming mere "facsimiles of white people,'' said Means.
Oppression at the hands of the U.S. government has taken its toll on the Lakota, whose men have one of the shortest life expectancies - less than 44 years - in the world.
Lakota teen suicides are 150 per cent above the norm for the U.S.; infant mortality is five times higher than the U.S. average; and unemployment is rife, according to the Lakota freedom movement's website.
hoka hey
john
Fast forward to the present..................
WASHINGTON — The Lakota Indians, who gave the world legendary warriors Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse, have withdrawn from treaties with the United States.
"We are no longer citizens of the United States of America and all those who live in the five-state area that encompasses our country are free to join us,'' long-time Indian rights activist Russell Means said.
A delegation of Lakota leaders has delivered a message to the State Department, and said they were unilaterally withdrawing from treaties they signed with the federal government of the U.S., some of them more than 150 years old.
The group also visited the Bolivian, Chilean, South African and Venezuelan embassies, and would continue on their diplomatic mission and take it overseas in the coming weeks and months.
Lakota country includes parts of the states of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana and Wyoming.
The new country would issue its own passports and driving licences, and living there would be tax-free - provided residents renounce their U.S. citizenship, Mr Means said.
The treaties signed with the U.S. were merely "worthless words on worthless paper," the Lakota freedom activists said.
Withdrawing from the treaties was entirely legal, Means said.
"This is according to the laws of the United States, specifically article six of the constitution,'' which states that treaties are the supreme law of the land, he said.
"It is also within the laws on treaties passed at the Vienna Convention and put into effect by the US and the rest of the international community in 1980. We are legally within our rights to be free and independent,'' said Means.
The Lakota relaunched their journey to freedom in 1974, when they drafted a declaration of continuing independence — an overt play on the title of the United States' Declaration of Independence from England.
Thirty-three years have elapsed since then because "it takes critical mass to combat colonialism and we wanted to make sure that all our ducks were in a row,'' Means said.
One duck moved into place in September, when the United Nations adopted a non-binding declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples — despite opposition from the United States, which said it clashed with its own laws.
"We have 33 treaties with the United States that they have not lived by. They continue to take our land, our water, our children,'' Phyllis Young, who helped organize the first international conference on indigenous rights in Geneva in 1977, told the news conference.
The U.S. "annexation'' of native American land has resulted in once proud tribes such as the Lakota becoming mere "facsimiles of white people,'' said Means.
Oppression at the hands of the U.S. government has taken its toll on the Lakota, whose men have one of the shortest life expectancies - less than 44 years - in the world.
Lakota teen suicides are 150 per cent above the norm for the U.S.; infant mortality is five times higher than the U.S. average; and unemployment is rife, according to the Lakota freedom movement's website.
hoka hey
john
"Man is a marvellous curiosity. When he is at his very, very best he is sort of a low-grade nickel-plated angel; at his worst he is unspeakable, unimaginable; and first and last and all the time he is a sarcasm."
Mark Twain
Mark Twain
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Minimalist
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The treaties signed with the U.S. were merely "worthless words on worthless paper," the Lakota freedom activists said.
History will back them on that point.
Something is wrong here. War, disease, death, destruction, hunger, filth, poverty, torture, crime, corruption, and the Ice Capades. Something is definitely wrong. This is not good work. If this is the best God can do, I am not impressed.
-- George Carlin
-- George Carlin
Digit - I think you and I should lead the uprising agains the Anglo-Saxons!Digit wrote:I wonder if the Welsh are watching?
The first thing we'll do is declare a UDI for Wales!
The second thing we'll do is form a male voice choir that will serenade them into oblivion!
The third thing we'll do is have a nice cup of tea.
Er...I think that's it....unless you can think of anything else!
Ishtar of Ishtar's Gate and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
Ishtar wrote:Digit - I think you and I should lead the uprising agains the Anglo-Saxons!Digit wrote:I wonder if the Welsh are watching?
The first thing we'll do is declare a UDI for Wales!
The second thing we'll do is form a male voice choir that will serenade them into oblivion!
The third thing we'll do is have a nice cup of tea.
Er...I think that's it....unless you can think of anything else!
Butwaitaminute, gang.
I thought y'all knew that the Lakotas ARE Welsh.
Or is it that the Welsh ARE Lakota?
All this damn pre-Clovis seafaring is getting mighty confusing,
Is all I can say............
But one thing is perfectly clear.
The Romans, as a result of their trade with India, either
Tranported and sold tea to the ancient Welsh or Lakotas, or both,
Who then transported it across the Atlantic pond in either
One direction or the other.
I'll cite the Boston Tea Party as direct modern evidence
Of the persistence of a remarkably sophisticated tea-tax-boat rite
Which dates back at least to the Romans,
If not earlier.
Furthermore,
The undisputed evidence of Hematite everywhere
Proves that the Welsh and Lakotas both knew of the lure of the
Dread red ochre
And traded it to the Romans for the tea.
Q.E.D.
(Next: the pre-Clovis Holy Roman Empire)
And a good Solstice to all!
john
"Man is a marvellous curiosity. When he is at his very, very best he is sort of a low-grade nickel-plated angel; at his worst he is unspeakable, unimaginable; and first and last and all the time he is a sarcasm."
Mark Twain
Mark Twain